Wednesday, March 31, 2010

90 (D-41) Death Valley Days, Borax commercials

90 (D-41) Twenty-mule teams were teams of eighteen mules and two horses attached to large wagons that transported borax out of Death Valley from 1883 to 1889.

For many Americans (Jane included), nothing symbolizes Death Valley more than the famous Twenty Mule Teams. These "big teams" pulled massive wagons carrying borax from the Harmony Borax Works near Furnace Creek to the railhead near Mojave, a tiring 165-mile (266 km), ten-day trip across primitive roads. Although the teams ran for only six years--1883 to 1889--they have made an enduring impression of the Old West. This is primarily due to a successful advertising campaign promoting 20-Mule-Team Borax Soap and the long-running Death Valley Days radio and television program!


What is borax used for?
Borax is well known as an ingredient in high efficiency
laundry detergents, but it's most important modern use is in the production of fiberglass and borosilicate glass. The element Boron has powerful abilities to strengthen, toughen and make fire-resistant glasses, metals, wood, and fibers. It is used in approximately three hundred high-tech products.

Borax television commercials:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNfI1jK1wR8

Another one, with someone you know! Take a look:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ghUy5WhjIHk&NR=1

Jane

ALL THINGS ARE CONNECTED!
_________
PS. I knew Death Valley Days as reruns, of course, not when they were on TV for the first time!
____________
GRAMMAR:
Notice we don't put an "s" when the quantitative modifyer comes BEFORE the noun.
______________________
VOCABULARY:
ran = here, it's means "to be in operation"
laundry detergents = "la lessive"
reruns = "rediffusion"

Tuesday, March 30, 2010

89 (D-42) Death Valley Days (3) "Down in the Valley "/ Annie Oakley

89 (D-42) DEATH VALLEY DAYS, Dear Teacher Part 3.

http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=pF2c7lj7Vxo&feature=related 3 of 3

My students NEVER give me discipline problems!

So, as a good behaviour reward, a song, not sharpshooting!
Down in the Valley http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_3_BxkZSTY8
Correction in the lyrics:
"Roses love sunshine,
Violets love DEW".... not "Violets love BLUE."
What is "dew"?


Jane
______
VOCABULARY:
sharpshooting: http://www.merriamwebster.com/dictionary/sharpshooting
Annie Oakley was a great sharpshooter.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a24cjGIbBY0&NR=1
http://www.answers.com/topic/annie-oakley
http://west.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/pager.php?id=30
Where was she born? Who did she have tea with? What is an "Annie Oakley"? What is "Annie Get Your Gun?"

Monday, March 29, 2010

88 (D-43) Death Valley Days (2)


88 (D-43) DEATH VALLEY DAYS: Dear Teacher, Part 2

http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=ZoxpVKmX-FQ&feature=related

Return tomorrow for Part 3, the exciting ending.
______________________________

And here's a little information about Furnace Creek:


Furnace Creek is a census-designated place (CDP) in Inyo County, California. The population was 31 at the 2000 census. The elevation of the village is 190 feet (58 m) below sea level, making it the lowest census-designated place in the United States.


At Furnace Creek is the headquarters of Death Valley National Park. Most lodging is closed in the summer, when temperatures in the area can surpass 125 °F (52 °C). There is a visitor's center and a gas station in Furnace Creek. The village is surrounded by a number of campgrounds.

Golf anyone? Devil's Golf Course in the Furnace Creek area near Badwater is an immense area of rock salt eroded by wind and rain into jagged spires. So incredibly serrated that "only the devil could play golf on such rough links." It's the lowest golf course in the world, at 214 feet (65 m) below sea level!


Remember, you read that it was at Furnace Creek that the highest temperature in the United States was recorded in July of 1913 -----
(57° C).

Furnace Creek was formerly the base of Death Valley operations for the Pacific Coast Borax Company.

Jane
_______________
VOCABULARY:
--Golf anyone? = "Would anyone like to play golf?"
--jagged = "dentelé"
--spires = See Post 59 (Bryce Canyon), if you have forgotten this word.
--serrated = "en dents de scie"
--rough = "rude"
--links =
Many golfers use "links" and "golf course" interchangeably. But "links" is actually a specific type of golf course. See Post 13 on the Scotland Blog. http://uiadinscotland.blogspot.com/2009/10/13-golf-in-scotland.html However, that definition certainly doesn't apply here!

Interested golfers go to : http://golf.about.com/cs/golfterms/g/bldef_links.htm
........More about Borax soon.

Sunday, March 28, 2010

87 (D-44) Death Valley Days (1)

87 (D-44) Entertainment: Watching and listening.

I've got an idea! It's time to sit in front of your computer screen to watch DEATH VALLEY DAYS, a TV series I remember watching when I was a little girl. This episode is called DEAR TEACHER (Part 1)...How appropriate!

http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=nG8UC7T_qPA&feature=related

BE PATIENT. Return tomorrow for Part 2! (But, if you are impatient........ you can watch Part 1 MANY TIMES!)

Jane

Saturday, March 27, 2010

86 (D-45) [Day 11] Death Valley

86 (D-44) Back to nature. On the morning of our 11th day, we'll get on the bus again, leaving Sin City to go to Death Valley National Park, 130 miles (209 km) northwest of Las Vegas. We leave Nevada and return to California to visit this national park. It will take about 2 - 2.5 hours* to get to Death Valley...if we don't get lost....



Four superlatives: hottest, driest, lowest, largest.


Hottest: In July of 1913, Death Valley recorded five consecutive days of 129 degrees (53.9° C) or above. On July 10th, it got up to 134°F (57°C) at what is now Furnace Creek Ranch. This world record was held for nine years. It won't be 57° when we get there, but I'm sure we'll feel the heat as soon as we get off the bus! Average temperatures in May = 99° F (37°C) - 71.2° (22°C)


Driest: In 1929, no rain was recorded in Death Valley. From 1931 through 1934, a 40-month period, only 0.64 inches (1.63 cm) of rain fell. Death Valley gets less than 2 inches (5.8 cm) of rain a year.



Lowest: Badwater Basin, in Death Valley National Park, is the lowest place in North America and one of the lowest places in the world at 282 feet (86 m) below sea level. The Dead Sea, between Israel and Jordon, is the lowest at 1371 feet (418 m) below sea level.


Largest: Death Valley National Park, created by the California Desert Protection Act of 1994, encompasses 3,372,402 acres (6692.6 m²), making it the largest national park in the lower 48 states. It is 140 miles (225 km) long.






More information:


Springtime is the most popular time to visit Death Valley.

Death Valley is home to more than 1000 species of plants and more than 50 of those are endemics, found nowhere else in the world. We'll get to see many flowers in May.


Take a quick look at the Visitor's Guide in English. It's long. If you are interested, you can read in French or other languages you know:

http://www.nps.gov/deva/parknews/upload/Visitor%20Guide%202010.pdf



http://www.nps.gov/deva/planyourvisit/upload/French%20-%20General%20Info.pdf http://www.nps.gov/deva/planyourvisit/upload/Italian%20-%20General%20Info.pdf http://www.nps.gov/deva/planyourvisit/upload/Spanish%20-%20General%20Info.pdf http://www.nps.gov/deva/planyourvisit/upload/German%20-%20General%20Info.pdf

Jane

--* Americans measure distance in "driving time".

--Sin City = One of the nicknames for Las Vegas. Did you find the others?

--How did Death Valley get its name?

--"GET" is everywhere in English!!!http://www.wordreference.com/enfr/get Too much to learn! Try to learn in the context of these sentences here. How would you translate "get" in each of the sentences in this post?

Friday, March 26, 2010

85 (D-46) Entertainment


85 (D-46) Things to do in Las Vegas:


-- You can go to a casino to gamble, of course. (or just to watch and listen!)


-- You can go to a musical comedy, Mamma Mia or The Lion King, for example.


-- You can go to Madame Tussaud's or see the Eiffel Tower! :-(


-- You can see a famous magician, David Copperfield.


-- You can go to the circus, Le Cirque du Soleil.


-- You can be entertained by a comedian, someone who tells jokes.


-- You can listen to famous singers, Cher, for example, or Legends in Concert (impersonators) ...Elvis, when we are there in May.

-- You can see Jubilee! at Bally's Hotel and Casino (like Moulin Rouge or Crazy Horse!).


-- You can go to see a curious group called Blue Man Group.


-- You can walk up and down Las Vegas Strip and Freemont Street and TAKE IT ALL IN.

Free things to see and do in Las Vegas: http://www.vegas4locals.com/free.html

But you can't sleep! ...... Well, you can, if you are tired :-)

Jane

PS. Other suggestions from people who have visited Las Vegas?

Thursday, March 25, 2010

84 (D-47) The Golden Nugget

84 (D-47) The Fremont Street Experience (FSE) is a pedestrian mall and attraction in downtown Las Vegas. The Golden Nugget is a casino-hotel located in Las Vegas, on the Fremont Street Experience. It is the largest hotel-casino in the downtown area (not The Las Vegas Strip), with a total of 2,605 deluxe guest rooms. The Golden Nugget was originally built in 1946, making it one of the oldest casinos in the city.

The world's largest gold nugget on display, the Hand of Faith, is displayed in the Golden Nugget lobby. Weighing 27.21 kilograms and 46 centimeters in length, the Hand of Faith was found near the Golden Triangle in Australia, and put on display at the casino in 1981 amid a number of other gold nuggets.

Jane
__________________________
Thanks Robert for your suggestion. (See his comment on Post 77.)
__________________________
If you are interested, a few recent articles about Las Vegas:
Obama says "I love Vegas." http://abcnews.go.com/Politics/president-obama-las-vegas/story?id=9885429

A recent survey (March 23, 2010): http://www.lasvegasnow.com/Global/story.asp?S=12190251

Obama's health care bill, Las Vegan point of view:
http://www.lasvegasnow.com/global/story.asp?s=12183134

Wednesday, March 24, 2010

83 (D-48) Hoover Dam

83 (D-48) We are going to visit The Hoover Dam. It is a large dam on the Colorado River. It is located on the border of the states of Arizona and Nevada, 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Las Vegas. The dam is named after the former US President Herbert Hoover. At first it was called "Boulder Dam", but the name was changed to honor Hoover, who was president when the idea of building the dam started.



Just 5 questions and answers:


1. How tall is Hoover Dam? 726.4 feet. (221.4 meters)


2. How much does it weigh? More than 6,600,000 tons.


3. How much concrete is in the dam? Three and one-quarter million cubic yards. (2,484,803 m3)


4. How long did it take to build the dam and powerplant? Five years. The contractors were given seven years from April 20, 1931, but concrete placement in the dam was completed May 29, 1935, and everything was completed on March 1, 1936.


5. How many men were employed during the dam's construction?
A total of 21,000 men worked on the dam.





Two questions for you:


1.What is the name of the lake that was created when Hoover Dam was built? (It is the largest man-made lake in the United States...Lake Powell is the second-largest reservoir in the United States.)


2. What can you learn about the 1948 B-29 Lake Mead crash? (Mystery question)


Jane
ALL THINGS ARE CONNECTED!

PS. Added on April 21...I forgot to give you this VOA link about Hoover Dam. Read and listen at:

Tuesday, March 23, 2010

82 (D-49) More about Las Vegas

82 (D-49) Las Vegas is a popular destination for Hawaiians. In 2002, almost 80,000 former residents of Hawaii lived in Las Vegas, and nearly 3,000 Hawaiians visited Las Vegas every week. Las Vegas is sometimes called Hawaii's Ninth Island!

Las Vegas has one of the highest suicide and divorce rates of the U.S. Because divorce is easier in Nevada than most other states, many people come from across the country for the easier process. Las Vegas has also one of the highest marriage rates of U.S. cities as well.
Would you be interested in a drive-through wedding? You can get married without leaving the comfort of your own car...or on your bicycle!

Las Vegas also has the highest number of churches per capita of any major U.S. city.

Jane

Monday, March 22, 2010

81 (D-50) Las Vegas...on the lighter side

81 (D-50) Two Friends and the Slot Machine

But we'll look at VOCABULARY FIRST today.
You haven't forgotten the vocabulary in Post 77, have you? Go back and take a look.

A little more vocabulary you will need:
-- allotted money = money designated for a particular purpose (here, for gambling)
-- a bench = a place to sit, in a park for example
-- seemed an eternity = gave the impression of being an eternity
-- huge = very big, enormous
-- coins = small pieces of metal, used as money (quarter, dime, nickel...)
-- "how'd you do?" = "how did you do?" = "How successful were you?"
-- it looks like = it appears; it can be concluded that...
-- to hit it big = to win a lot of money; hit the jackpot
-- though = "par contre" (in this particular case)
-- yeah = yes
-- way in the back = "tout au fond de la pièce"

_________________________________

Two Friends and the Slot Machines

Two friends, Smith and Jones, went together to play the slot machines at the casino. Each agreed that when his allotted money was gone, he would go to the front of the casino and sit on the bench to wait for his friend. Jones quickly lost all of his money and went to sit on the bench. He waited and waited and waited and waited. After what seemed an eternity, he saw Smith coming toward him carrying a huge sack of coins.


"Hey, Jones," said Smith, "how'd you do?"

"Well, Smith", said Jones, "you see me here on this bench-- what do you think? But, it looks like you hit it big, though."

"Oh yeah." said Smith, "What a good machine I found! It's way in the back. I'll show it to you--you CAN'T lose! EVERY TIME YOU PUT IN A DOLLAR, FOUR QUARTERS COME OUT!!!"

Once again, please laugh!

Jane

__________________________________
**Most common U.S. surnames: Smith-Johnson-Williams-Brown-Jones-Miller-Davis-Garcia-Rodriguez-Wilson-Martinez (US Census 2000)

Sunday, March 21, 2010

80 (D-51) Casinos / Our hotel

80 (D-51) Casinos

The word casino was at first a cottage then became a gambling palace. The source of our word, Italian casino, is a diminutive of casa, "house."

The word was first applied to a country house and then came to be used for a social gathering place = a room or building where people could dance, listen to music, and gamble.

This last pastime seems to have gained precedence over the others and casino took on the meaning "gambling establishment."

These senses of the Italian word have all come into English; the sense "social gathering place" was recorded first in the 18th century, the sense "gambling establishment" first in 1851.


Nineteen of the world's 25 largest hotels by room count are on the Las Vegas Strip, with a total of over 67,000 rooms. http://www.insidervlv.com/hotelslargestworld.html

A few Las Vegas casinos and hotels on the Las Vegas Strip (designated an All-American Road):

Caesar's Palace, Flamingo, The Palazzo, Riviera, Fontainebleau, Encore,
The Venetian, CASINO ROYALE, Imperial Palace, Mandarin Oriental, Paris, Planet Hollywood, Tropicana.....and CIRCUS CIRCUS, where we will be staying. (3774 rooms...I hope I don't get lost in the hotel! And, if anyone is interested, you can get married at the Chapel of the Fountain in our hotel!)

And there are four casinos in our hotel too......

The advertizement for our hotel says:
"SLEEP WHEN YOU GET HOME!"

Jane

Saturday, March 20, 2010

79 (D-52) Las Vegas: a little history

79 (D-52) Las Vegas is called Vegas for short.

In the 1800s, areas of the Las Vegas Valley contained artesian wells that supported extensive green areas or meadows. Vegas in Spanish means "meadows" !!
(For "artesian wells", see http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puits_art%C3%A9sien)


On May 10, 1855, following annexation by the United States, Brigham Young sent 30 missionaries of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to the area to convert the Paiute Indian population to Mormonism. However, Mormons abandoned Las Vegas in 1857.


Las Vegas started as a stopover on the pioneer trails to the west, and became a popular railroad town in the early 1900s.


The completion of the nearby Hoover Dam in 1935 resulted in the growth of residents and tourism.


The legalization of gambling in 1931 led to the advent of the casino-hotels, for which Las Vegas is famous. Major development occurred in the 1940s. The success of the city's early casino businesses was owed to American organized crime.




In the late 1960s businessman Howard Hughes bought many casino-hotels, as well as television and radio stations in the city. Legitimate corporations began to buy casino-hotels as well, and the mob was run out by the federal government over the next several years.

Jane
______________________

Beginners, you can go to Wikipedia Simple English: http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada
_______________________________
VOCABULARY:
-- artesian wells = "puits artésiens", from the old French province of Artois
-- meadows = "prairies", "prés"
-- stopover = "une escale"
-- as well as = "ainsi que"

-- as well = also
-- mob = organized crime; "la pègre"
_____________________________
IDIOMS:
--for short = As an abbreviation: He's called Tom for short.
--in short = In summary; briefly.
--short for = An abbreviation of: Tom is short for Thomas.
--short of =
1. Having an inadequate supply of: We're short of cash. (OR We're short ON cash.)
2. Less than: Nothing short of her best effort was necessary to become a member of the team.
3. Other than; without resorting to: Short of screaming at him, I had no other way to catch his attention.
4. Not quite willing to undertake or do; just this side of: She stopped short of throwing out the old photo.
--the short end of the stick: The worst side of an unequal deal.

Friday, March 19, 2010

78 (D-53) Las Vegas nicknames

78 (D-52) Nicknames for Las Vegas.

Do you know the nicknames for Las Vegas? I found EIGHT. One is a new one: The Bone Yard, given to Las Vegas in January 2009 when many new expensive constructions were canceled because of the financial crisis. But this will be a temporary nickname, won't it?

Can you find the other 7 nicknames? And what do they mean?
HINT: Three of the monikers (nicknames) are
"_____________ Capital of the World."
Then three short nicknames.
And then one that is also a nickname for New York!

For a little more help, go to : http://www1.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/Words-and-Their-Stories-Nicknames-for-New-Orleans-and-Las-Vegas.html but you'll need to do some internet surfing to find all the nicknames.
Good luck.

(Remember the New Orleans nicknames for....our next trip!)

Jane

Thursday, March 18, 2010

77 (D-54) [Day 10] LAS VEGAS HERE WE COME!

77 (D-53) LAS VEGAS!

http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=KLUl8xkKSTk&feature=related

FIRST LESSON: VOCABULARY!

Money, money, money! Money to burn.


Get the stakes up higher


Blackjack, poker, roulette wheel, poker chips

Make your bets! Place your bets!


A fortune to win...or lose


At the betting table, the dealer first shuffles the cards (Ask me to show you: I can do it!) Then he/ she cuts the deck (the pack of cards). Then the dealer deals the cards; you have a good hand (you're in) or a bad hand (you're out)


Neon lights flashing everywhere


One-arm bandits = SLOT MACHINES = a casino gambling machine with three or more reels which spin when a button is pushed. Slot machines were originally operated by a lever on the side of the machine (the one arm) instead of a button. A slot = "une fente".

Slot machine is American; what do the British call a slot machine?


Las Vegas, where day is night and night is day!


American money: dollars, half dollars, quarters, dimes, nickels, pennies
1 dollar = 2 half dollars (50 cents)
1 dollar = 4 quarters (25 cents)
1 dollar = 10 dimes (10 cents)
1 dollar = 20 nickels (5 cents)
1 dollar = 100 pennies (100 cents)

Take a look:
http://www.arcytech.org/java/money/learn_coins.html

If I lose my very last dime...I'm broke! Hitting the jackpot is much better!


Lucky lady = Lucky Lady's Slots is physical fruit machine game made exclusively for off-line casinos. [The Lady Luck (closed in Feb 2006) was a hotel and casino in the downtown area of Las Vegas.]



One die, two dice ....hot dice....Roll the dice....to shoot craps


Seven: a lucky number.

VIVA LAS VEGAS! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3Knbh7TkX6A
The lyrics are under the screen.
VIVA ELVIS!

Jane
_____________________
Our constant companions:
http://www.wordreference.com/

http://www.thefreedictionary.com/

http://www.oddcast.com/home/demos/tts/tts_example.php?sitepal

Wednesday, March 17, 2010

76 (D-55) Saint George

76 (D-55) In addition to visiting Zion on this ninth day of our trip, we'll also have a stop at Saint George, Utah and then move on to spend the night in Las Vegas.


St. George is the population and commercial center of Utah's Dixie, a nickname given to the area when Mormon pioneers grew cotton in the warm climate. But cotton farming was not successful and was eventually abandoned.


In 2005, St. George was declared the second fastest-growing metropolitan area in the U.S. The St. George metropolitan area in 2007: 140,908. Its population in 2050 is projected to be at more than 700.000!

The city is 119 miles (192 km) northeast of Las Vegas...our next destination!


St. George Tabernacle, the Mormon church there, is called the "jewel in the desert" and is a symbol of the town's pioneer beginnings. It seats 1200 people.


Jane
__________________________________

VOCABULARY:
--eventually = CAREFUL! "Eventually" is on the list of "faux amis"! See: http://www.ac.wwu.edu/~oussele/OusselinQuelquesFauxAmis.html
_____________________________________

FYI (For Your Information):

It is said that Joseph Smith (see Post 65) received divine communications that revealed that the Church's name should be The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints...but he didn't get this message here at Saint George. Joseph Smith didn't go "out west"; he received these instructions in Missouri....in the town of FAR WEST, MISSOURI!!!! Settled by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1836, Far West became the commercial and ecclesiastical center of the Church.
____________________

("ALL THINGS ARE CONNECTED!")

Tuesday, March 16, 2010

75 (D-56) Zion, a map for you; VOA report

75 (D-56) The Olympic Torch passed through Zion National Park enroute to Salt Lake City for the 2002 Winter Olympics.


A map of Zion National Park: http://www.nps.gov/PWR/customcf/apps/maps/showmap.cfm?alphacode=zion&parkname=Zion%20National%20Park


And, before we leave Utah's National Parks, go to VOA Special English: You can read and listen.
http://www1.voanews.com/learningenglish/home/a-23-2009-04-14-voa1-83143942.html?moddate=2009-04-14

Jane

Monday, March 15, 2010

74 (D-57) Zion : plants and animals

74 (D-57) Because of Zion's unique geography and variety of life zones, there is unusual plant and animal diversity. Numerous plant species as well as 289 species of birds, 75 mammals (including 19 species of bat), and 32 reptiles inhabit the park's four life zones: desert, riparian, woodland, and coniferous forest. Common plant species include cottonwood, Cactus, Datura, Juniper, Pine, Boxelder, Sagebrush, yucca, and various willows. Notable megafauna include mountain lions, mule deer, and Golden Eagles, along with reintroduced California Condors and Bighorn Sheep.


It's time to return to your dictionaries: http://www.wordreference.com/
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/


And for pronuniciation, don't forget:
http://www.oddcast.com/home/demos/tts/tts_example.php?sitepal

Jane

________________
VOCABULARY:
--as well as = "ainsi que"
--riparian = near river banks

Sunday, March 14, 2010

73 (D-58) Utah's First National Park - Zion

73 (D-58) Zion National Park, a 229-square-mile (593 km2) park, is located at the junction of the Colorado Plateau, Great Basin, and Mojave Desert regions. The park is characterized by high plateaus, a maze of narrow, deep, sandstone canyons and striking rock towers and mesas. Zion Canyon is the largest and most visited canyon in the park. (15 miles long --24 km-- and up to a half a mile deep -- 800 m) The North Fork of the Virgin River has carved a spectacular gorge here, with canyon walls in most places rising 2000-3000 feet (600 - 900 m) above the canyon floor.

(A little information and another two thousand words! Thank you Evelyne and Roland for your beautiful photos.)

Jane

Saturday, March 13, 2010

72 (D-59) Zion National Park








72 (D-59) Zion National Park. Another 2000 words for you!
Jane
_______________________________
You haven't forgotten that "A picture is worth a thousand words."

Friday, March 12, 2010

71 (D-60) [Day 9] Our next National Park: Zion

71 (D-60) Back on the road again. On our 9th day, Wednesday, May 19th, we'll travel from Bryce Canyon to Zion National Park.

Mormon pioneer Isaac Behunin is credited with naming Zion Canyon: “These are the Temples of God, built without the use of human hands. A man can worship God among these great cathedrals as well as in any man-made church—this is Zion.” Zion is a Hebrew word, later interpreted by Mormons to mean a place of safety and refuge.


You haven't read about the Mormons? You don't remember what you read about the Mormons? Go back to Posts 65 and 67.

Zion was set aside as Mukuntuweap National Monument by President William Howard Taft on July 31, 1909, but the official name was not popular and so it was changed to Zion.

If you are curious: Mukuntuweap is sometimes translated as “straight arrow,” but expert opinion says that it means “straight canyon” in the language of the Southern Pauite. The term may relate to the very high, near-perpendicular canyon walls.

Zion became a National Park in 1919.

Jane
________________________

VOCABULARY:
worship God = "rendre grace à Dieu"
as well as = "aussi bien que"

Thursday, March 11, 2010

70 (D-61) Aaron Copland, an American composer

70 (D-61) Aaron Copland (November 14, 1900 – December 2, 1990) was an American nationalist composer of concert and film music, as well as an accomplished pianist. He forged a distinctly American style of composition and he was widely known as "the dean of American composers". Copland's music succeeded in creating a balance between modern music and American folk styles. The open, slowly changing harmonies of many of his works are said to evoke the vast American landscape.

Billy the Kid is a 1938 ballet written by Aaron Copland. It is one of Copland's most popular and widely performed pieces. The story follows the life of the infamous outlaw Billy the Kid. It begins with the sweeping song "The Open Prairie" and shows many pioneers trekking westward. The action then goes to a small frontier town, in which a young Billy and his mother are present. Billy's mother is killed by an outlaw, and Billy himself kills the murderer, and goes on the run.
The scene then shifts to years in the future. Billy is an outlaw living in the desert*. He is captured by a posse (in which the ensuing gun battle features prominent percussive effects) and taken to jail, but manages to escape after stealing a gun from the guard during a game of cards. Returning to his hideout, Billy thinks he is safe, but
Pat Garrett catches up and kills Billy. The ballet ends with the 'open prairie' theme and pioneers once again travelling west.
(Again fact mixed with fiction = the legend of Billy the Kid.)

For your listening pleasure (and NO problems with English!):
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LdfPbHmEY4w
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BJOcCaGHIRk&feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jWd7BH1rQW8&feature=related

If you are more curious, THIS IS EXCELLENT, music and English for you: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqgcVlPsz8Y&feature=related Musical director Adam Stern, Seattle Philharmonic Orchestra, talks about "Billy The Kid."

And, one more...more modern: Billy Joel (born May 9, 1949), an American rock musician, singer-songwriter, and classical composer: The Ballad of Billy the Kid by Billy Joel (piano). He was inspired to write a "western" song when he was traveling west from New York to Los Angeles for the first time. One inspiration for the song was the American composer, Aaron Copland. But once again, it is a historically inaccurate story of Billy The Kid.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ed_-brFWYdQ&feature=related (with lyrics on the right)

So, you have a choice: country western music (yesterday's post), classical or modern. You choose...or you can listen to ALL of them! Enjoy!

Jane
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*PRONUNCIATION:
Remember:
desert = "DEZ-ert", a hot place with little or no water
dessert = "dee-ZERT" ...something good to eat at the end of the meal

Wednesday, March 10, 2010

69 (D-62) Billy The Kid and "outlaw" vocabulary

69 (D-62) Billy the Kid (1859-1881) was a 19th century American frontier outlaw and gunman. He became a symbolic figure of the American Old West. His father abandoned him when he was a child and his mother died when he was 14. He was arrested when he was 15 for stealing (in fact, he didn't steal anything), but he escaped. Then later, at age 18, he killed a man who enjoyed bullying him. His life as an outlaw began. He was arrested several times, but he was a real escape artist. His many conflicts with the law were in New Mexico and Arizona, but he was sometimes hiding in Utah. Because he was so young, there is a big legend that goes with his name. It is said that he killed 21 people, one for each year of his life. However, many historians calculate the figure closer to nine (four on his own and five with the help of others).


Billy The Kid

'Twas on the same night when poor Billy died,
He said to his friends, "I am not satisfied;
There are twenty-one men I have put bullets through,
And Sheriff Pat Garrett will make twenty-two."

Now this is how Billy the Kid met his fate:
The bright moon was shining, the hour was late,
Shot down by Pat Garrett, who once was his friend,
The young outlaw's life had come to an end.

There's many a man with a face fine and fair,
Who starts out in life with a chance to be square,
But just like poor Billy, he wanders astray,
And loses his life in the very same way.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bEAntEQNnGQ
(Tex Ritter, American country music singer)

Jane
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Do you know this "OUTLAW" VOCABULARY?

an outlaw.... a gunman.... a gang....gun, Colt-45, rifle, bullets.....Wanted: Dead or Alive.... $5000 reward.... to have a bounty on his head....marshal, sheriff and deputy....a posse.... a hideout.... a jail.... to be shot and killed.... to be hanged ("hanged" OR "hung"??? --- Pictures are hung on the wall; people are always hanged!!!)... tombstone... epitaph

Tuesday, March 9, 2010

68 (D-63) TURNER.... the American Turner

68 (D-63) Frederick Jackson Turner (1861-1932) was an American historian. He wrote "The Significance of the Frontier in American History." He believed that the American frontier was very important in forming the American character. Turner built his Frontier Thesis in 1893 around the idea that the frontier provided the core defining quality of the United States. He said that the spirit and success of the United States is directly tied to the country's westward expansion. According to Turner, the unique and rugged American identity was born at the juncture between the civilization of settlement and the savagery of wilderness. This produced a new type of citizen - one with the power to tame the wild and one upon whom the wild had conferred strength and individuality.

Turner's thesis quickly became popular among intellectuals. It explained why the American people and American government were so different from Europeans.


Most American history texts present Turner's ideas. Although a historical controversy has continued for decades concerning the validity of his frontier thesis, few critics reject it entirely. He is one of the most renowned of all American historians.

Jane
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VOCABULARY:
core = the center, the central part
core defining quality: the quintessence
tied = to tie: to be linked; to be attached to
rugged = having a sturdy ("solide", robuste") build or strong constitution
to tame = to domesticate
renowned = famous; well-known

Monday, March 8, 2010

67 (D-64) Mormons again...on the lighter side

67 (D-64)
An elderly Mormon asked his doctor if he thought he would live to be a hundred.

The doctor asked the man, "Do you smoke or drink?"

"No," he replied, "I've never done either."

"Do you gamble, drive fast cars, and fool around with women?" inquired the doctor.

"No, I've never done any of those things either."

"Well then," said the doctor, "what do you want to live to be a hundred for?"


Jane (!)

...I hope you get a chuckle out of this one too! (a chuckle = a little laugh)
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VOCABULARY:
elderly = old
never...either (1) = "ni l'un ni l'autre"
gamble = to play games where you can win (or lose) money
fool around with women = ...Can you guess??? Use your imagination!!!
inquired = asked

never....either (2) = "non plus"
what for = why; for what reasons

Sunday, March 7, 2010

66 (D-65) Halfway /"The Far West"/ A French song

66 (D-65) Look at the numbers: 66, 65. Here we are, halfway there, since our starting point, January 1st. Just 65 days before we leave! The countdown continues.

“65 days before we leave, 65 days to go
I write a post and I share it with you....64 days before we leave."
(See Post 31 for the melody!)


Deciding on the title of this blog took me a long time. "Preparing for: The Far West (?), The West (?), The American West (?), The Wild West (?), The Old West (?), The Frontier (?), The West Coast." All these terms have been used to refer to this part of the United States. (We'll visit The West Coast when we are in California, of course.)


Americans today will simply say: "We're going OUT WEST for our summer vacation." "We had a great vacation OUT WEST last summer."


Horace Greeley, an American newspaper editor, made famous the words: "Go WEST, young man, go WEST." (See Post 13).


The FRONTIER first meant the land west of the Mississippi River, but the pioneers moved further and further west and consequently the definition of frontier changed. The AMERICAN FRONTIER was generally the most Western part of settlement and typically more free-spirited in nature than the East because of its lack of social and political institutions.


THE AMERICAN OLD WEST (often called THE OLD WEST, THE WILD WEST or THE FAR WEST) comprises the history, geography, people, lore, and cultural expression of life in the Western United States, most often referring to the period of the later half of the 19th century, between the American Civil War and the end of the century. More broadly, the period stretches from the early 19th century to the end of the Mexican Revolution in 1920. As the American Old West passed into history, the myths of the West captured the imagination of Americans... and foreigners too!


So, I finally decided on "THE FAR WEST", thinking of Yves Montand! You know this song, don't you?


Dans les plaines du Far West quand vient la nuit,
Les cowboys, dans leur bivouac, sont réunis.
Près du feu, sous le ciel de l’Arizona,
C’est la fête aux accords d’un harmonica.
Et leurs chants, que répètent les échos,
Syncopés par le rythme d’un banjo.
Dans les plaines du Far West, quand vient la nuit,
Les cowboys, dans leur bivouac, sont réunis.


Dans les plaines du Far West quand vient la nuit,
Les cowboys, dans leur bivouac, sont réunis.
Près du feu, sous le ciel de l’Arizona,
C’est la fête aux accords d’un harmonica.
Et leurs chants, que répètent les échos,
Syncopés par le rythme d’un banjo.
Dans les plaines du Far West, quand vient la nuit,
Les cowboys, dans leur bivouac, sont endormis.


http://www.wat.tv/video/yves-montand-dans-plaines-2srk7_2fgqp_.html (Sorry, the subtitles are in....Italian, and not these original lyrics, but I think that many of you can understand!)

And a short American one....
http://www.youtube.com/watch#!v=CsthalRYm9E&feature=related


Jane

**To see the map better, go to: http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fichier:U.S._Territorial_Acquisitions.png
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VOCABULARY:


lack : "manque"


comprises = "comprend"


lyrics = "les paroles d'une chanson"